Table of Contents
Chaparral Gallery at the Petroleum Museum in Midland, TX (grand opening in April 2004, notice thanks for Greg Fuchs)
Chaparral 1 (1961-1963) - USRRC open-top
Chaparral 2A (1964) - USRRC open-top, new body style
Chaparral 2C (1965) - refinement of 2A, hydraulic rear spoiler
Chaparral 2D (1966) - FIA coupe
Chaparral 2E (1966) - Can-Am open-top with large wing
Chaparral 2F (1967) - FIA coupe with large wing, 7.0L
Chaparral 2G (1967) - refinement of 2E, 7.0L, has boxy doors like the 2F
to better direct airflow into the side radiators, and extended rear
wheelwells, raced also during 1968 while 2H being developed
Chaparral 2H (1969) - Can-Am, intended as a streamlined coupe but John Surtees
wanted an opening in the top for the driver
Chaparral 2J (1970) - Can-Am open-top, ground effect vehicle with snowmobile
engine, raced four times then outlawed
(The designation 2B was perhaps not used because of the Chevrolet Grand Sport II(b); as far as I know, there was no 2I; 2K was an Indy car.)
Mark Cramer's collection of Chaparral web links
UltimateCarPage.com - follow the racecars link to the 2A, 2E, 2F, 2G, 2H, and 2J
Paul Haney interview with Jim Hall (2001)
Chaparral 2E wing support diagram from engineering case study of stabilizer link failure
book: "Chaparral," Richard Falconer and Doug Nye (Contributor), Motorbooks Intl., 1992.
book: "Chaparral Can-Am and Prototype Race Cars," Dave Friedman, 1998. [don't have a copy]
book: Chevrolet -- Racing? 14 Years of Raucous Silence Paul Van Valkenburgh. [don't have a copy]
The Chaparral transmission was "actually a two-speed manual gearbox with a high performance lockup torque converter instead of a conventional clutch."
[the first use of a wing predates Jim Hall by 10 years - see Michael Fuller, A Brief History of Sports Car Racing, with picture of Michael May's Porsche Type 550 with mid-mounted wing in 1956; however, he was not allowed to race due to complaints from competitors]
Jim Hall's 2A design was perhaps influenced by the Chevrolet Corvair Monza GT and SS prototypes (1962). However, he was certainly involved in the 1963 era with the Corvette Grand Sport II(b) and the Chevrolet CERV II prototypes.
[models: 1/64 diecast: Hot Wheels 2A (released 1998), 2G (released 1969); 1/18 diecast: Exoto; also popular as slot cars]
Matthew Prater's Ford GT-40 home page at MTU
Robin Sundt's Ford GT-40 home page
body style was based on Eric Broadley's Lola Mk. 6 GT, 1963
In 1966 Ford GTs finished first, second, and third at Daytona, first and second at Sebring, and first, second, and third at Le Mans.
Le Mans victories
1966 - Ford GT40 Mk2 (C. Amon, B. McLaren)
1967 - Ford GT40 Mk4 (D. Gurney, A.J. Foyt) [Ford GT Mark IV developed
from Ford J-Car]
1968 - Ford GT40 (P. Rodriguez, L. Bianchi)
1969 - Ford GT40 (J. Ickx, J. Oliver)
books: ...(loaned out)...
book: The Inside Story of the Fastest Fords: The Design and Development of the Ford GT Racing Cars, by Karl Ludvigsen. [do not have; includes info on Ford G7A Can-Am car, ca. 1967]
1968 - won Le Mans with Ford GT40 1075
(P. Rodriguez, L. Bianchi)
1969 - won Le Mans with same Ford GT40 (J. Ickx, J. Oliver)
[first car to win Le Mans twice], also raced a Mirage M-2
1970 - raced Porsche 917s
1971 - raced Porsche 917s, second at Le Mans
1972 - raced Gulf-Mirage M-6
1973 - raced Gulf-Mirage M-6
1974 - raced Gulf-Mirage GR7, fourth at Le Mans
1975 - won Le Mans with Mirage GR8 (J. Ickx, D. Bell)
1976 - Gulf-Wyer sold the team to
Grand Touring Cars (GTC) owned by Harley Cluxton
GTC-Mirage team second at Le Mans '76 (GR8/Ford), second in '77 (GR8/Renault), tenth in '78 (M9/Renault), DNF in '79 (M10/Ford), DQ in '82 (M12/Ford)
In 1994, Gulf sponsored a Kremer CK8 Spyder, which ran sixth at Le Mans. Then in 1994 and 1995, Gulf sponsored GTC McLaren F1 GTR cars, which ran fourth at Le Mans '95 and fifth at Le Mans '96.
Gulf sponsored Audi R8 cars run by Johansson Racing; Johansson won the 2001 ELMS series title with a win at Most (after he "used an old John Wyer trick of painting a horseshoe on the side of his Gulf-colored car")
Gulf Oil sponsored cars at Le Mans
Mirage chassis numbers (incomplete)
book: "The Certain Sound: Thirty Years of Motor Racing," John Wyer, Haynes, 1981 [now out of print].
Wikipedia article on John Wyer
book: "Blue & Orange: The History of Gulf in Motorsport," Michael Cotton and Martin Allerton, Coterie Press, 2004 [do not have; covers 1937 to 2001].
drivers: Jacky Ickx, Jackie Oliver, Pedro Rodriguez, Lucien Bianchi, Mike Hailwood, David Hobbs, Derek Bell, Brian Redman, ...
John Horsman
... tbd ...
Holman/Moody Honker II (Can-Am 1967)
Ford F3L (1968-1969), 3 liter Cosworth F1 engine, poor aerodynamics [also known as P68 and P69 (open top)]
Ford RS 200 rally car (styling by Ghia)
...
Ford C100 (1981-1986) - later known as Zakspeed C1/8 and C1/4
drivers: Klaus Ludwig, Klaus Niedzwiedz, ...
red #5, 1984
#5, 1984
first at Hockenheim and Nürburgring and second at Norisring in 1982 DRM season
first at Hockenheim and second at Mainz Finthen and Diepholz in 1983 DRM season
second at Interserie Erding in 1985 DRM season
ran in Supercup in 1986
Le Mans: DNA 1981, 2xDNF/2xDNA 1982, 1xDNF 1983]
[
pictures of C100 models]
Zakspeed C1 from Rosso Bianco Museum
Ford Mustang GTP - front engine sports car (1983-1984 and 1987 IMSA)
won Road America 1983, ran in US and in Germany (DRM) in 1984,
after apparent lack of success with Probe GTP (see below)
Rousch ran it again in 1987
long hood (side view of Panoz GTR reminds me of Mustang GTP)
drivers: Klaus Ludwig, Bobby Rahal, ...
Ford Mustang Probe GTP - rear engine sports car (1985-1989 IMSA)
refinement of C1 by Zakspeed
second at Watkins Glen and Sears Point in 1985, won Laguna Seca in 1986
drivers: Klaus Ludwig, Doc Bundy, Lyn St. James, Scott Pruett,
Pete Halsmer, Ari Luyendyk, Tom Gloy, Chip Robinson.
Ford GT in 2005
Lola history at lolaheritage.co.uk
... tbd ...
Lola closes racing design in 2013
... tbd ...
Group 7
1972 - 1975 Group 6 (open-top, Formula 1 powered)
1982-1993 Group C Sports Prototypes, production-based engines
WSC 1985-1992
1991 change to F1-derived engines
FIA World GT (formerly BPR World GT series, 1994-1996)
Christophe Bastain's 24 Heures Du Mans page (race results 1923-on, and various pictures for 1987-on)
Stefan Ornerdal's Le Mans Register (including DNFs, etc.)
2013
Ornerdal's roster
Audi R18 e-tron quattro (LMP1) McNish/Kristensen/Duval
2012
Ornerdal's roster
Audi R18 e-tron quattro (LMP1) Lotterer/Fassler/Treluyer
2011
Ornerdal's roster
Audi R18 TDI (LMP1) Fassler/Lotterer/Treluyer
2010
Ornerdal's roster
Audi R15 TDI (LMP1) Rockenfeller/Bernhard/Dumas
2009
Ornerdal's roster
Peugeot 908 HDi (LMP1) Brabham/Gene/Wurz
2008
Ornerdal's roster
Audi R10 TDI (LMP1) Capello/McNish/Kristensen
2007
Ornerdal's roster
Audi R10 TDI (LMP1) Werner/Pirro/Biela
2006
Ornerdal's roster
Audi R10 TDI (LMP1) Biela/Pirro/Werner
2005
Ornerdal's roster
Audi R8 (LMP1) Kristensen/Lehto/Werner
2004
Ornerdal's roster
Audi R8 (LMP1) Ara/Capello/Kristensen
2003
Ornerdal's roster
Bentley EXP Speed 8 (LMP900/IMSA GTP) Capello/Kristensen/Smith
2002
Ornerdal's roster
Audi R8 (LMP900/IMSA GTP) Biela/Pirro/Kristensen
2001
Ornerdal's roster
Audi R8 (LMP900/IMSA GTP) Biela/Pirro/Kristensen
2000
Ornerdal's roster
Audi R8R-2000 (LMP900/IMSA GTP) Biela/Kristensen/Pirro
1999
Ornerdal's roster
BMW V12 LMR (LMP/IMSA GTP) Winkelhock/Martini/Dalmas
1998
Ornerdal's roster
Porsche 911 GT1-98 (GT1) Aiello/McNish/Ortelli
[a Ferrari 333SP won the P class]
1997
Ornerdal's roster
TWR Porsche WSC 95 (P) Alboreto/Johansson/Kristensen
1996
Ornerdal's roster
TWR Porsche WSC 95 (P1) Jones/Wurz/Reuter
1995
Ornerdal's roster
McLaren F1 GTR (GT1) Dalmas/Sekiya/Lehto
[a Courage C34-Porsche won the IMSA WSC class]
1994
Ornerdal's roster
Dauer/Porsche 962 GT (GT1) Dalmas/Haywood/Baldi
[a SARD - Toyota 94C-V won the LMP C/90 class]
1993
Ornerdal's roster
Peugeot 905 Evo 1C (LM class 1) Helary/Bouchut/Brabham
1992
Ornerdal's roster
Peugeot 905B Evo 1 Bia (LM class 1) Warwick/Dalmas/Blundell
1991
Ornerdal's roster
Mazda 767 B (Group 2) Weidler/Herbert/Gachot
[a Spice SE90C-Ford Cosworth won the Group 1 class]
1990
Ornerdal's roster
Jaguar XJR-12 (Group C1/IMSA GTP) Nielsen/Cobb/Brundle
1989
Ornerdal's roster
Sauber/Mercedes-Benz C9 (Group C1/IMSA GTP) Mass/Reuter/Dickens
1988
Ornerdal's roster
Jaguar XJR-9 LM (Group C1/IMSA GTP) Lammers/Dumfries/Wallace
1987
Ornerdal's roster
Porsche 962 C (Group C1/IMSA GTP) Stuck/Bell/Holbert
1986
Ornerdal's roster
Porsche 962 C (Group C1/IMSA GTP) Bell/Stuck/Holbert
1985
Ornerdal's roster
Porsche 956 B (Group C1/IMSA GTP) Ludwig/Barilla/Krages
1984
Ornerdal's roster
Porsche 956 (Group C1/IMSA GTP) Pescarolo/Ludwig
1983
Ornerdal's roster
Porsche 956 (Group C) Schuppan/Haywood/Holbert
1982
Ornerdal's roster
Porsche 956 (Group C/Group 6) Ickx/Bell
1981
Ornerdal's roster
Porsche 936/81 (Group 6) Ickx/Bell
1980
Ornerdal's roster
Rondeau/Ford-Cosworth M379B (Group 6) Rondeau/Jaussaud
1979
Ornerdal's roster
Porsche 935 K3 (Group 5/IMSA GTX) Ludwig/Whittington/Whittington
[a Rondeau/Ford-Cosworth M379B won the Group 6 class]
1978
Ornerdal's roster
Ranault-Alpine A442B (Group 6) Pironi/Jaussaud
1977
Ornerdal's roster
Porsche 936/77 (Group 6) Barth/Haywood/Ickx
1976
Ornerdal's roster
Porsche 936 (Group 6) Ickx/van Lennep
1975
Ornerdal's roster
Gulf-Mirage/Ford-Cosworth GR8 (Sport) Bell/Ickx
1974
Ornerdal's roster
Matra-Simca MS670 C (Sport) Pescarolo/Larrousse
1973
Ornerdal's roster
Matra-Simca MS670 B (Sport) Pescarolo/Larrousse
1972
Ornerdal's roster
Matra-Simca MS670 (Sportscars) Pescarolo/Hill
1971
Ornerdal's roster
Porsche 917 K (Competition Sports Cars) Marko/van Lennep
1970
Ornerdal's roster
Porsche 917 K (Competition Sports Cars) Herrmann/Attwood
1969
Ornerdal's roster
Ford GT 40 (Competition Sports Cars) Ickx/Oliver
1968
Ornerdal's roster
Ford GT 40 (Competition Sports Cars) Rodriguez/Bianchi
1967
Ornerdal's roster
Ford GT Mark IV (Prototypes) Gurney/Foyt
1966
Ornerdal's roster
Ford GT Mark II (Prototypes) McLaren/Amon
1965
Ornerdal's roster
Ferrari 250 LM (Prototypes 3.0-4.0L) Gregory/Rindt
[a Iso Grifo A3C-Chevrolet won the Prototypes >5.0 L class]
1964
Ornerdal's roster
Ferrari Tipo 275 (Prototypes 3.0-4.0L) Guichet/Vaccarella
[a Iso Revolta Grifo A3C-Chevrolet won the Prototypes >5.0 L class]
1963
Ornerdal's roster
Ferrari 250 P (Prototypes 2.0-3.0L) Bandini/Scarfiotti
1962
Ornerdal's roster
Ferrari 330 TRI/LM Spyder (Experimental 3.0-4.0L) Gendebien/Hill
1961
Ornerdal's roster
Ferrari 250 TRI/61 (Sport Cars 2.0-3.0L) Gendebien/Hill
1960
Ornerdal's roster
Ferrari 250 TR59/60 (Sport Cars 2.5-3.0L) Frère/Gendebien
1959
Ornerdal's roster
Aston Martin DBR1/300 (Sport-Prototypes 2.0-3.0L) Shelby/Salvadori
1958
Ornerdal's roster
Ferrari 250 TR58 (2.0-3.0L) Gendebien/Hill
1957
Ornerdal's roster
Jaguar D-type (3.0-5.0L) Flockhart/Bueb
1956
Ornerdal's roster
Jaguar D-type (3.0-5.0L) Flockhart/Sanderson
1955
Ornerdal's roster
Jaguar D-type (3.0-5.0L) Hawthorn/Bueb
1954
Ornerdal's roster
Ferrari 375 Plus (3.0-5.0L) Gonzalez/Trintignant
1953
Ornerdal's roster
Jaguar XK-120C (3.0-5.0L) Rolt/Hamilton
1952
Ornerdal's roster
Mercedes-Benz 300 SL (2.0-3.0L) Lang/Riess
1951
Ornerdal's roster
Jaguar XK-120C (3.0-5.0L) Walker/Whitehead
selected top drivers:
Tom Kristensen - 9 wins: 1997, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2008, 2013 (plus five other top-5 finishes)
Jacky Ickx - 6 wins: 1969, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1981, 1982 (plus four other top-5 finishes)
Derek Bell - 5 wins: 1975, 1981, 1982, 1986, 1987 (plus seven other top-5 finishes)
Frank Biela - 5 wins: 2000, 2001, 2002, 2006, 2007
(plus one other top-5 finish)
Emanuele Pirro - 5 wins: 2000, 2001, 2002, 2006, 2007
(plus two other top-5 finishes)
Yannick Dalmas - 4 wins: 1992, 1994, 1995, 1999
(plus two other top-5 finishes)
Olivier Gendebien - 4 wins: 1958, 1960, 1961, 1962
(plus two other top-5 finishes)
Henri Pescarolo - 4 wins: 1972, 1973, 1974, 1984
Hurley Haywood - 3 wins: 1977, 1983, 1994
(plus two other top-5 finishes)
Phil Hill - 3 wins: 1958, 1961, 1962
Al Holbert - 3 wins: 1983, 1986, 1987
(plus one other top-5 finish)
Klaus Ludwig - 3 wins: 1979, 1984, 1985
Allan McNish - 3 wins: 1998, 2008, 2013
(plus six other top-5 finishes)
Marco Werner - 3 wins: 2005, 2006, 2007
Hans Stuck (eight top-5 finishes)
Bob Wollek (seven top-5 finishes)
Canadian-American Challenge Cup
Original series (1966-1974)
Can-Am series (1977-1986)
Can-Am champions, 1966-1986
Can-Am individual race results, 1966-1986
Shelby Can-Am (1989-1997)
latest Can-Am series (1998-1999) - PSCR used the name Can-Am in classifying GTP cars
International Motor Sports Association
Started by John Bishop in 1969 (with help from Bill France). Bishop started Can-Am and Trans-Am when president of SCCA in 1960s, and is now the commissioner of Grand American Road Racing Association.
Camel GT started in 1971, GTP in 1981, Camel Lights in 1985
IMSA racing categories at IMSA History blog
picture of Brian Redman's 1981 Lola T-600 ("first true GTP")
in 1990s IMSA GTP roughly the same as FIA Group C
Bill Oursler's 956/962 history
WSC (open cockpit, two-seat) started in 1994 (replacing GTP and Camel Lights) after FIA Group C lost teams
IMSA individual race results, 1971-1998
... tbd ...
cars: porsche 962s, gtp corvettes, jag xjr-7s, ford probe, nissan gtp, toyota, etc.
IMSA now Professional SportsCar Racing (see below)
Group 44 Jaguar at Portland in 1985 from Transmission Exchange
GTP pictures at Riverside in 1986 by Roy Hooper
Baumann Auto Technik (BAT) Chevy GTP
book: "Corvette GTP," Alex Gabbard, Howell, 1996. (do not have a copy)
drivers: Geoff Brabham, Elliott Forbes-Robinson, Scott Goodyear, Pete Halsmer, Al Holbert, Klaus Ludwig, Lyn St. James, Hans Stuck, Bob Wollek, ...
Andy Evans bought IMSA in 1996 and renamed it to PSCR
Rob Dyson and others (re)started USRRC (see below)
Don Panoz and Skip Barber left USRRC to affiliate with PSCR
... more ...
IMSA races renamed PSCR for last part of 1997
changed to American Le Mans series in 1999, ACO licensed Le Mans name to Don Panoz
categories:
racetracks (2006):
ELMS ran two races in 2000
Evans sold the series to Don Panoz in 2001, and the series started reusing the IMSA name again in October of 2001
United States Road Racing Championship
name of series in 1960s in which Jim Hall, Dan Gurney, etc., raced
USRRC individual race results, 1963-1968 (also USRRC GT, 1963-1965)
name reused in 1997 for organization started by John Bishop, Bill France Jr., Rob Dyson, Roger Penske, Skip Barber, and Ralph Sanchez
name changed to Grand-Am in 1999, switched to ISRS rules, tried to get joint acceptance of cars for events in US and in Europe
ISRS - open top sports prototype (like old Group 6)
Grand American Road Racing
primary owned by Jim France
feeling was that Grand-Am favored privateers over factories, with limited-cost cars remaining competitive over several years; but, early on, ALMS had better purses and better TV schedules
Interview with Grand-Am President Roger Edmondson, Mark Cipolloni, November 9, 2005 Ted West article on Daytona Prototyes
categories:
racetracks (2006):
drivers: ... Hurley Haywood, Scott Pruett, EFR, ...
Some famous turbine-powered race cars:
[Mark's homepage] [CPSC homepage] [Clemson Univ. homepage]
mark@cs.clemson.edu
